![]() Metamorphic rocks have been physically and mineralogically changed by heat and pressure to form another type of rock for example, the sedimentary rock limestone will become the metamorphic rock marble the sedimentary rock shale will become the metamorphic rock slate and the igneous rock granite will become the metamorphic rock gneiss (pronounced nice). Igneous rocks result from the cooling of molten rock or magma to create rocks such as granites, basalts, and rhyolites. Examples of sedimentary rocks are limestones, sandstones, and shales. Sedimentary rocks are formed from (1) the weathering and transport of preexisting rocks and (2) the chemical precipitation of sediments. Most of the rocks found in Kentucky are sedimentary. Each group is subdivided on the basis of texture and mineral composition. ![]() Rocks are identified by the minerals they contain and are grouped according to their origin into three major classes: sedimentary, igneous, and metamorphic. Rocks are naturally occurring solids composed of one or more minerals. ![]() For example, when lead atoms combine with sulfur atoms, the mineral galena is formed.Ī mineral is a naturally occurring solid with a definite chemical composition and crystal structure. The basic building blocks of all rocks, minerals, liquids, and gases are chemical elements, which are made up of various combinations of atoms.
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